Traction Alopecia

What is traction alopecia?

Traction alopecia is a type of hair loss caused by repeated strain or tension on the hair follicles, rather than genetic or immune factors.

This condition can occur in anyone who wears their hair pulled back tightly for long periods. Traction alopecia can affect any area of the scalp under tension, as well as the beard area.

What does traction alopecia look like?

Signs and symptoms of traction alopecia may include:

Pimples, redness, or itching on the scalp
Thin, broken, or missing hair in areas under tension
Shiny or scarred skin if the condition is advanced

How is traction alopecia diagnosed?

Diagnosis is typically made by a dermatologist through:

Medical history and review of hair styling habits
Trichoscopy – using a tool to look at the hair and scalp up close
Scalp biopsy – taking a small piece of skin to analyse in the laboratory, if necessary, to see how damaged the follicles are

What causes traction alopecia?

Traction alopecia is caused by repeated, long-term strain on hair follicles. Factors that increase risk include:

Tight hairstyles like braids, cornrows, dreadlocks, and ponytails
Hair extensions and weaves, especially combined with chemical treatments
Tight headwear such as helmets, hair grips, or elastic headbands
Chemical relaxers or harsh treatments

Older individuals may be more susceptible as hair follicles weaken over time.

Is traction alopecia permanent?

Traction alopecia is not usually permanent if diagnosed early. Early detection is key to prevent permanent hair loss. Avoiding continued strain on the hair can allow full regrowth.

If follicles are destroyed due to prolonged tension, hair loss may become permanent.

Can traction alopecia be treated?

Treatment for traction alopecia focuses on removing the source of tension and supporting regrowth:

Stop or modify hairstyles that place strain on hair
Avoid chemical relaxers or harsh treatments
Topical treatments may be recommended by a dermatologist. These may include topical minoxidil to stimulate hair growth, or topical steroids to reduce itching or inflammation

Early intervention increases the chance of full hair recovery.

Additional information:

The British Association of Dermatologists have a patient information leaflet on Traction Alopecia

READ THE BAD PATIENT INFORMATION LEAFLET ON TRACTION ALOPECIA

The Skin of Color Society also have some useful information:

VISIT THE SKIN OF COLOR SOCIETY WEBSITE

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